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Chronic prostatitis

chronic prostatitis in men

Chronic prostatitis is a disease that most often occurs in the office of a urologist-andrologist.It is predominantly diagnosed in men who are at the peak of reproductive, sexual activity and work capacity.Therefore, timely treatment of prostatitis is crucial for restoring men's health, as well as social functions.

Causes of the development of chronic prostatitis

The chronic inflammatory process is followed by an acute phase caused by the action of pathogenic microflora.If the cause is not detected in time and comprehensive treatment is not carried out, prostatitis turns into a latent form with periodic relapses.

Infection can occur in 3 ways: ascending - through the urinary canal, descending - when urine with pathogenic bacteria enters the bladder, hematogenous - through the circulatory system (infection is transmitted from other inflammatory foci in the body).

Causes of chronic prostatitis:

  • pathogenic fungi
  • coli
  • corynebacteria
  • gardnerella
  • staphylococcus
  • Trichomonas
  • klebsiella
  • mycoplasma
  • enterococcus
  • gonococci
  • chlamydia
  • parasites
  • viruses
  • proteus

In the chronic form of prostatitis in men, the inflammatory process can be repeated even after the pathogenic microflora has been eliminated.In such cases, there is a disturbance of innervation in the organ with an autoimmune attack on the tissue against the background of primary inflammation.Examination reveals no infection.Therefore, patients are diagnosed with "abacterial chronic prostatitis".

Prostate dysfunction is not always caused by an infectious lesion.There are a number of unfavorable factors that cause diseases.Among the most common:

  • reduced immune defense due to hypothermia, bad lifestyle, bad habits and excessive work.
  • weak circulation in the pelvis as a result of chronic constipation, sedentary work and lack of physical activity
  • congestion in the ducts of the prostate and other pelvic organs
  • chronic infectious diseases (sinusitis, sore throat)
  • permanent injury to the prostate tissue due to increased load on the perineal muscles and physical strain
  • irregular sexual contacts, sexual abstinence, interrupted sexual intercourse
  • inflammation of the genitourinary system
  • poor nutrition
  • previous sexually transmitted diseases

Chronic bacterial prostatitis often becomes a concomitant problem with cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, epididymitis, orchitis.In some cases, the focus of infection is not even in the genitourinary system.It can be tonsillitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, caries, intestines or pneumonia that have not received proper treatment.

Urologists associate the appearance of a non-bacterial form of chronic prostatitis with blockage in the pelvic organs.When the local circulation is disturbed, the vessels of the prostate overflow with blood, which causes edema and stagnation of secretions.As a result, the prostate cannot produce the required amount of secretions and hormones.This leads to the development of an inflammatory process in the tissues.

The main signs of chronic prostatitis

The symptoms of the bacterial form of the pathology are similar to any infectious process.They progress by increasing the amount of pathogenic flora and lead to a serious deterioration of the general condition in the absence of adequate treatment.In the initial stages, chronic prostatitis is asymptomatic or has mild symptoms.Therefore, most men ignore the need to see a urologist for an examination.

Postponing a visit to a specialist doctor to determine the cause and start treatment of prostatitis leads to serious consequences not only for the genitourinary system, but also for the psycho-emotional state.Impotence disorders on the background of urination disorders and gradual deterioration of well-being in many men cause stress, apathy, increased irritability, severe fatigue and lack of appetite.In addition, untimely initiation of treatment leads to infertility in 40% of cases.

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis that require contacting a urologist:

  • frequent, strong urge to urinate, weakened stream of urine
  • aching pain that spreads to the perineum, groin, rectum, scrotum, glans penis and sometimes the sacrum
  • painful urination (especially at the beginning and end of intercourse)
  • tremors, excessive sweating (characteristic endocrine symptoms, because the prostate is part of this system)
  • a change in the color of the skin in the area where the pain is felt
  • the release of a small amount of prostate secretions from the urethra (during physical stress) against the background of a weakening of the organ's tone
  • potency disorder (reduced libido, erection problems, ejaculation due to a decrease in testosterone produced by the gland)

Any of the above signs can indicate a disease, so a man must urgently contact a urologist to get medical help.Also, do not forget about regular preventive visits to the doctor, because the disease can be asymptomatic.In such cases, the diagnosis is made by measuring the number of leukocytes in the prostate secretion.

Possible complications in chronic prostatitis

Without timely treatment, the inflammatory process spreads.This is fraught with related problems such as:

  • epididymitis
  • orchitis
  • vesiculitis
  • urinary incontinence
  • formation of stones, cysts in the prostate
  • reproductive dysfunction
  • prostate adenoma

The most serious complication can be prostate cancer.

Methods for diagnosing chronic prostatitis

Urologists receive the necessary medical information to diagnose and determine the cause of the pathology after conducting a series of tests, as well as instrumental studies.At the first consultation, the doctor collects the medical history, questions the man about disturbing symptoms and performs an examination.The presence of discharge from the urethra, skin irritation and rash in the area of the external genitalia is visually determined.Also in this situation, a digital rectal examination is indicated to assess the size, structure and sensitivity of the prostate.

Basic methods for diagnosis:

  • general urine test
  • urine bacterial culture, urethral swab
  • microscopic examination of prostate secretions
  • endoscopic examination of the urinary tract
  • Ultrasound of the prostate (transrectal)
  • PCR test for sexually transmitted diseases

PSA test for prostatitis is done to rule out prostate adenoma and cancer.In some cases, to clarify the diagnosis, a tissue biopsy is indicated, followed by histology of the samples taken.If there are problems with reproductive function, men are prescribed a spermogram and a MAR test.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Neglected conditions are difficult to correct.However, with an integrated approach to treatment, stable and long-lasting remission can be achieved.To do this, it is necessary to remove the cause of the inflammatory process and increase the body's resistance.This effect is achieved by choosing an individual therapy, taking into account the age of the man, the stage of prostatitis, the state of the immune system and the severity of the symptoms.In extreme cases, when there is a risk of serious complications, surgical treatment is recommended to the patient.

Basic therapeutic methods for chronic prostatitis:

  • taking antibiotics
  • symptomatic therapy
  • use of anti-inflammatory drugs
  • physiotherapy to normalize blood circulation, relieve swelling
  • correction of diet, lifestyle

Completing a comprehensive course of treatment for chronic prostatitis allows you to eliminate the causes of the inflammatory process, relieve pain, and also improve the general well-being of a man.An essential part of the therapy is the restoration of the body's protective resources.If prostatitis has a non-bacterial etiology, taking immunomodulators can prevent autoimmune aggression.

Modern physiotherapy for prostatitis

Physiotherapy methods quickly relieve many symptoms and ensure a steady improvement in most men.At home, regular bathing in warm baths is recommended, but the water must not be too hot.

Clinical methods of physiotherapy for chronic prostatitis:

  • Ultrasound therapy.Exposure to high frequency waves.
  • Ultraphonophoresis.Combination of ultrasound treatment with drugs effective for prostatitis, which are given during the procedure.
  • Magnetotherapy.Low frequency magnetic field therapy.
  • UVT.Impact of shock waves on the immediate cause of prostatitis: congestion and inflammatory processes.
  • Darsonvalization.Application of high-frequency pulsed current.
  • Galvanization.Low frequency direct current treatment.
  • UHF.A method of alleviating the symptoms of chronic prostatitis by the action of an electric field through capacitor plates.

Electrophoresis gives a clear result.Accelerates drug delivery to affected tissues.Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce the load on other organs, which is important for overall health, because chronic prostatitis requires serious courses of medication.Shock wave therapy procedures have a positive effect.After them, most men notice a reduction in prostate discomfort, pain relief and an improvement in erection after the first session.

Physiotherapy is an auxiliary method in the treatment of prostatitis.The reduction of the severity of symptoms, as well as the speed of recovery in general, depend on the individual reaction of the body to the chosen method of exposure.Some courses last several weeks or even months, but help to bring chronic prostatitis in men to a state of stable remission.

Qualified urologists in a modern clinic can develop an optimal treatment plan for this pathology.